Mediformatica - The Medical Informatics Portal

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PCR

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): A technique used to amplify or generate large amounts of replica DNA or a segment of any DNA whose ``flanking'' sequences are known. Oligonucleotide primers that bind these flanking sequences are used by an enzyme to copy the sequence in between the primers. Cycles of heat to break apart the DNA strands, cooling to allow the primers to bind, and heating again to allow the enzyme to copy the intervening sequence lead to doubling of the DNA present at each cycle.

Pharmacogenomics

The study of the pharmacological response to a drug by a population based on the genetic variation of that population. It has long been known that different individuals in a population respond to the same drug differently, and that these variations are due to variations in the molecular receptors being affected by the drug, or to differences in metabolic enzymes that clear the drug. Pharmacogenomics is the science of studying these variations at the molecular level. Applications of pharmacogenomics include reducing side effects, customizing drugs, improvement of clinical trials, and the rescue of some drugs that have been banned due to severe side effects in a small percentage of the eligible population.

Picture archiving and communication

Picture archiving and communication (PACS) - System that can store, distribute, retrieve and display images.

Point-of-care

Hospital information system that includes bedside workstations or other devices for capturing and entering data at the locations where patients receive care.

Public Health Informatics

The systematic application of information and computer science and technology to public health practice, research, and learning.

Quick Medical Reference

Quick Medical Reference (QMR)- A decision support system developed from the Internist-1 expert system at University of Pitssburg. QMR contains a detailed set of medical findings which have been cross-referenced with ICD-9, HELP and DXPlain in the UMLS Meta-1.

RFI

A Request for Information (RFI) is a proposal requested from a potential seller or a service provider to determine what products and services are potentially available in the marketplace to meet a buyer's needs and to know the capability of a seller in terms of offerings and strengths of the seller. RFIs are commonly used on major procurements, where a requirement could potentially be met through several alternate means. An RFI, however, is not an invitation to bid, is not binding on either the buyer or sellers, and may or may not lead to an RFP or (RFQ).

RFP

A Request for Proposal (referred to as RFP) is an invitation for suppliers, through a bidding process, to submit a proposal on a specific Commodity or Service.

RFQ

The Request for Quotation (RFQ) is used where discussions aren't required with bidders (mainly when the specifications of a product or service are already known), and price is the main or only factor in selecting the successful bidder. RFQ may also be used as a step prior to going to a full-blown RFP to determine general price ranges. In this scenario, products, services or suppliers may be selected from the RFQ results to bring in to further research in order to write a more fully fleshed out RFP.

SCP-ECG

A project of the AIM preliminary phase concerned with standards for communication of digital electrocardiographic data. Work being done on SCP-ECG (Standard Communications Protocol for Computerized Electrocardiography) and also of CSE (Common Standards for Quantative Electrocardiography), a large international collaborative project, is being continued in the OEDIPE (Open European Data Interchange and Processing for Electrocardiography) project. The work has involved the standardization of computer derived ECG meausurements, developed reference databases for quantative electrocardiography, and have in conjunction with practitioners and manufacturers defined a universal protocol for the interchange of electrocardiograms. SCP-ECG is functioning as a pre-standard and has been submitted for approval in CEN/TC 251.

SNOMED

Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine. SNOMED is a 50000 concept thesaurus used for indexing parts of patient record [from Wingert, 1986]. In the course of their practice, physicians create descriptions of patients that become part of the patient record. SNOMED is a language for the coding and retrieval of information in patient records.

Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine

SNOMED is a 50000 concept thesaurus used for indexing parts of patient record [from Wingert, 1986]. In the course of their practice, physicians create descriptions of patients that become part of the patient record. SNOMED is a language for the coding and retrieval of information in patient records.

Teleconsultation

Clinical consultation carried out using a telemedical service.

Telemedicine

Investigation, monitoring and management of patients which allow ready access to expert advice and patient information, irrespective of the distance or location of the patient or expertise or relevant information.

Tomography

An imaging technique that produces a cross-sectional image slice of an organ or part of the body. Most tomography is performed using computer techniques; eg X-ray tomography, Computerized Tomography Scanning.

UMLS

The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) system is a large project sponsored by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) to produce a unified thesaurus and cross reference linking various medical nomenclatures including the MeSH headings, ICD-9-CM, SNOMED and the terminologies of DXPlain and QMR. One of the main outputs of the UMLS project is the Meta-1 Metathesaurus. The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) has three components: an Information Sources Directory, a Metathesaurus and a Semantic Net. The Information Sources Directory contains information about publicly available biomedical information resources. For each source the Directory contains the sources scope, vocabulary, syntax, rules and access conditions. The Metathesaurus contains concepts from a variety of biomedical vocabularies. Each concept has a canonical representation that includes a semantic type. Mappings between different vocabularies are handled by this canonical representation. The Semantic Net represents relationships among the semantic types.

Unified Medical Language System

The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) system is a large project sponsored by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) to produce a unified thesaurus and cross reference linking various medical nomenclatures including the MeSH headings, ICD-9-CM, SNOMED and the terminologies of DXPlain and QMR. One of the main outputs of the UMLS project is the Meta-1 Metathesaurus. The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) has three components: an Information Sources Directory, a Metathesaurus and a Semantic Net. The Information Sources Directory contains information about publicly available biomedical information resources. For each source the Directory contains the sources scope, vocabulary, syntax, rules and access conditions. The Metathesaurus contains concepts from a variety of biomedical vocabularies. Each concept has a canonical representation that includes a semantic type. Mappings between different vocabularies are handled by this canonical representation. The Semantic Net represents relationships among the semantic types.

World Health Organization

WHO is an agency of the United Nations involved with health matters. As part of its function it is concerned with the establishment of international standards in the health care area. The International Classification of Disease (ICD) (in its various forms) is a WHO standard.

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RD Glossary by Run Digital